{"id":227,"date":"2022-03-30T16:51:31","date_gmt":"2022-03-30T08:51:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.lijiajia.top\/?p=227"},"modified":"2026-06-19T20:53:04","modified_gmt":"2026-06-19T12:53:04","slug":"java-%e9%87%8d%e5%86%99override","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.ttwow.top\/?p=227","title":{"rendered":"Java \u91cd\u5199(Override)\u4e0e\u91cd\u8f7d(Overload)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8f6c\u8f7d\uff1ahttps:\/\/www.runoob.com\/java\/java-override-overload.html<\/a><\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u5199(Override)<\/h2>\n

\u91cd\u5199\u662f\u5b50\u7c7b\u5bf9\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u5141\u8bb8\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u65b0\u7f16\u5199, \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u548c\u5f62\u53c2\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u5373\u5916\u58f3\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u91cd\u5199\uff01<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u5199\u7684\u597d\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\u5b50\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5b9a\u4e49\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u3002 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u5b50\u7c7b\u80fd\u591f\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u91cd\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u629b\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u5f02\u5e38\u6216\u8005\u6bd4\u88ab\u91cd\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\u7533\u660e\u66f4\u52a0\u5bbd\u6cdb\u7684\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a \u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7533\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u68c0\u67e5\u5f02\u5e38 IOException\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u91cd\u5199\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e0d\u80fd\u629b\u51fa Exception \u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a Exception \u662f IOException \u7684\u7236\u7c7b\uff0c\u629b\u51fa IOException \u5f02\u5e38\u6216\u8005 IOException \u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\u5f02\u5e38\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u9762\u5411\u5bf9\u8c61\u539f\u5219\u91cc\uff0c\u91cd\u5199\u610f\u5473\u7740\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u5199\u4efb\u4f55\u73b0\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n

class Animal{\n   public void move(){\n      System.out.println("\u52a8\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u79fb\u52a8");\n   }\n}\n\nclass Dog extends Animal{\n   public void move(){\n      System.out.println("\u72d7\u53ef\u4ee5\u8dd1\u548c\u8d70");\n   }\n}\n\npublic class TestDog{\n   public static void main(String args[]){\n      Animal a = new Animal(); \/\/ Animal \u5bf9\u8c61\n      Animal b = new Dog(); \/\/ Dog \u5bf9\u8c61\n\n      a.move();\/\/ \u6267\u884c Animal \u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\n\n      b.move();\/\/\u6267\u884c Dog \u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\n   }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u52a8\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u79fb\u52a8\n\u72d7\u53ef\u4ee5\u8dd1\u548c\u8d70<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1 b \u5c5e\u4e8e Animal \u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u662f Dog \u7c7b\u7684 move\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u68c0\u67e5\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7136\u800c\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0cJava \u865a\u62df\u673a(JVM)\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u578b\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd0\u884c\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u80fd\u7f16\u8bd1\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a Animal \u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728 move \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u8fd0\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u601d\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n
class Animal{\n   public void move(){\n      System.out.println("\u52a8\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u79fb\u52a8");\n   }\n}\n\nclass Dog extends Animal{\n   public void move(){\n      System.out.println("\u72d7\u53ef\u4ee5\u8dd1\u548c\u8d70");\n   }\n   public void bark(){\n      System.out.println("\u72d7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5420\u53eb");\n   }\n}\n\npublic class TestDog{\n   public static void main(String args[]){\n      Animal a = new Animal(); \/\/ Animal \u5bf9\u8c61\n      Animal b = new Dog(); \/\/ Dog \u5bf9\u8c61\n\n      a.move();\/\/ \u6267\u884c Animal \u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\n      b.move();\/\/\u6267\u884c Dog \u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\n      b.bark();\n   }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
TestDog.java:30: cannot find symbol\nsymbol  : method bark()\nlocation: class Animal\n                b.bark();\n                 ^<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8be5\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5c06\u629b\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f16\u8bd1\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3ab\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u7c7b\u578bAnimal\u6ca1\u6709bark\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u91cd\u5199\u89c4\u5219<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • \n
    \u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u4e0e\u88ab\u91cd\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868\u5fc5\u987b\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0e\u88ab\u91cd\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u7236\u7c7b\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7684\u6d3e\u751f\u7c7b\uff08java5 \u53ca\u66f4\u65e9\u7248\u672c\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u8981\u4e00\u6837\uff0cjava7 \u53ca\u66f4\u9ad8\u7248\u672c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u4e0d\u80fd\u6bd4\u7236\u7c7b\u4e2d\u88ab\u91cd\u5199\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u6743\u9650\u66f4\u4f4e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u88ab\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a public\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e2d\u91cd\u5199\u8be5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a protected\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u6210\u5458\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ea\u80fd\u88ab\u5b83\u7684\u5b50\u7c7b\u91cd\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u58f0\u660e\u4e3a final \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u91cd\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u58f0\u660e\u4e3a static \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u91cd\u5199\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u88ab\u518d\u6b21\u58f0\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u5b50\u7c7b\u548c\u7236\u7c7b\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b50\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u5199\u7236\u7c7b\u6240\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a private \u548c final \u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u5b50\u7c7b\u548c\u7236\u7c7b\u4e0d\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u4e2d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b50\u7c7b\u53ea\u80fd\u591f\u91cd\u5199\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u58f0\u660e\u4e3a public \u548c protected \u7684\u975e final \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u91cd\u5199\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u629b\u51fa\u4efb\u4f55\u975e\u5f3a\u5236\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u88ab\u91cd\u5199\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5426\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u91cd\u5199\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u629b\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6bd4\u88ab\u91cd\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u66f4\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u5f02\u5e38\uff0c\u53cd\u4e4b\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u6784\u9020\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u88ab\u91cd\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
  • \n
    \u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u7ee7\u627f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\uff0c\u5219\u4e0d\u80fd\u91cd\u5199\u8be5\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    Super \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/h2>\n
    \u5f53\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e2d\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u88ab\u91cd\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 super \u5173\u952e\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n
    class Animal{\n   public void move(){\n      System.out.println("\u52a8\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u79fb\u52a8");\n   }\n}\n\nclass Dog extends Animal{\n   public void move(){\n      super.move(); \/\/ \u5e94\u7528super\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\n      System.out.println("\u72d7\u53ef\u4ee5\u8dd1\u548c\u8d70");\n   }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
    \u52a8\u7269\u53ef\u4ee5\u79fb\u52a8\n\u72d7\u53ef\u4ee5\u8dd1\u548c\u8d70<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u91cd\u8f7d(Overload)<\/h2>\n
    \u91cd\u8f7d(overloading) \u662f\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u91cc\u9762\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u5b57\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u800c\u53c2\u6570\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f8\u540c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u6bcf\u4e2a\u91cd\u8f7d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u6216\u8005\u6784\u9020\u51fd\u6570\uff09\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u4e00\u65e0\u4e8c\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u5c31\u662f\u6784\u9020\u5668\u7684\u91cd\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n
    \u91cd\u8f7d\u89c4\u5219:<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • \u88ab\u91cd\u8f7d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5fc5\u987b\u6539\u53d8\u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868(\u53c2\u6570\u4e2a\u6570\u6216\u7c7b\u578b\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837)\uff1b<\/li>\n
    • \u88ab\u91cd\u8f7d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b\uff1b<\/li>\n
    • \u88ab\u91cd\u8f7d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u8bbf\u95ee\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\uff1b<\/li>\n
    • \u88ab\u91cd\u8f7d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u58f0\u660e\u65b0\u7684\u6216\u66f4\u5e7f\u7684\u68c0\u67e5\u5f02\u5e38\uff1b<\/li>\n
    • \u65b9\u6cd5\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u6216\u8005\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e2d\u88ab\u91cd\u8f7d\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u65e0\u6cd5\u4ee5\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u91cd\u8f7d\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u533a\u5206\u6807\u51c6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      public class Overloading {\n    public int test(){\n        System.out.println("test1");\n        return 1;\n    }\n\n    public void test(int a){\n        System.out.println("test2");\n    }\n\n    \/\/\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u7c7b\u578b\u987a\u5e8f\u4e0d\u540c\n    public String test(int a,String s){\n        System.out.println("test3");\n        return "returntest3";\n    }\n\n    public String test(String s,int a){\n        System.out.println("test4");\n        return "returntest4";\n    }\n\n    public static void main(String[] args){\n        Overloading o = new Overloading();\n        System.out.println(o.test());\n        o.test(1);\n        System.out.println(o.test(1,"test3"));\n        System.out.println(o.test("test4",1));\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
      \u91cd\u5199\u4e0e\u91cd\u8f7d\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u533a\u522b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u533a\u522b\u70b9<\/th>\n\u91cd\u8f7d\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th>\n\u91cd\u5199\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      \u53c2\u6570\u5217\u8868<\/td>\n\u5fc5\u987b\u4fee\u6539<\/td>\n\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u8fd4\u56de\u7c7b\u578b<\/td>\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539<\/td>\n\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u80fd\u4fee\u6539<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u5f02\u5e38<\/td>\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539<\/td>\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u6216\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u80fd\u629b\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u6216\u8005\u66f4\u5e7f\u7684\u5f02\u5e38<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u8bbf\u95ee<\/td>\n\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fee\u6539<\/td>\n\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e0d\u80fd\u505a\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff08\u53ef\u4ee5\u964d\u4f4e\u9650\u5236\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
      \u603b\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
      \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u91cd\u5199(Overriding)\u548c\u91cd\u8f7d(Overloading)\u662fjava\u591a\u6001\u6027\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u91cd\u5199\u662f\u7236\u7c7b\u4e0e\u5b50\u7c7b\u4e4b\u95f4\u591a\u6001\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u8868\u73b0\uff0c\u91cd\u8f7d\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u6210\u591a\u6001\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n
      (1)\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u8f7d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u591a\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d\u76f8\u540c,\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u540c\u6216\u6570\u91cf\u76f8\u540c\u800c\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u6b21\u5e8f\u4e0d\u540c,\u5219\u79f0\u4e3a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u91cd\u8f7d(Overloading)\u3002
      \n(2)\u65b9\u6cd5\u91cd\u5199\u662f\u5728\u5b50\u7c7b\u5b58\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0e\u7236\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u76f8\u540c,\u800c\u4e14\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u4e2a\u6570\u4e0e\u7c7b\u578b\u4e00\u6837,\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5,\u5c31\u79f0\u4e3a\u91cd\u5199(Overriding)\u3002
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